How Does a Debt village Law Firm Work?

Attorney - How Does a Debt village Law Firm Work?

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I have been working in the debt hamlet industry for almost ten years now and have very allinclusive knowledge as to how it works. Before we begin I want to say this will be a rather long narrative and if you are not serious about looking a explication to your debt problem then stop reading now. The purpose of this narrative is to explicate to you first how debt hamlet works and what the process entails; both the good and the bad. Next I will explicate the differences in the middle of how a debt hamlet law firm works and how it compares to a appropriate debt hamlet company. There are many differences in the middle of how this process is handled by the two. Because of this debtors should learn these differences before enrolling into any program. Many population may already know how a debt hamlet enterprise works but have no clue as to how a law firm works and this narrative will explicate just that.

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Attorney

First of all, I would like to state that debt hamlet as a means of reputation card debt relief is not for everyone; some population plainly do not have the right state of mind, while others may benefit more from bankruptcy.

To begin with I would like to go over the purpose of reputation card debt hamlet and how the process works. The purpose of debt hamlet is for the debtor to get out of debt speedily without having to file bankruptcy and save a lot of money in the process. The goal of the debt negotiator is to negotiate a one time lump sum payment on the debtors' profit at a far reduced whole than what the debtor currently owes.

These benefits are tremendous. The debtor could save themselves close to half of what they currently owe and be out of debt in a few years. However as with most things in life there are drawbacks to this process and there is no way to avoid them.

In order for any creditor to be willing to negotiate a debt hamlet on a debt the list must fall into default first. There are no creditors in the world willing to negotiate when you are current and up to date on your monthly minimum payments. If they feel you can profess your monthly minimums than this is absolutely where the creditors want to keep you. This is where their profit is made, by just paying the minimum each month you will be in debt for over thirty years, even if the interest rate is not all that high. If your rate is above 20%, you will be stuck in debt for well beyond thirty years and payback the creditors well over ten times the primary equilibrium alone in interest. That is exactly where they want you!

So understandably they will not negotiate with you when you are current and they feel they can still bank on your minimum payments for years to come. So the only way to ever negotiate is to fall behind on the monthly payments. plainly once you do this you will be negatively affecting your reputation score and will also be receiving calls from collectors; this is what may put some population off from doing debt settlement, thus why I stated above this process may not be for everyone.

For those population already behind this will not make a variation and their reputation will not be damaged any more than it already is, However for those who are current this will adversely affect their credit. It is quite a shame that this point alone may stop some population from using debt settlement; thus dooming them to being financial servants to the creditors for decades to come.

You must also be made aware that this process in the end will begin to help rebuild your credit. Thirty percent of your MyFico reputation score is made up of your debt to reputation ratio, which will look a lot good after you get out of debt. Additionally the negative remarks from falling behind will not hold much bearing on your reputation score after two years. Your reputation score is only a snapshot in time and only uses the last two years of payment history to settle the score.

Now while the process of falling behind your goal is to save up as much money as inherent in the quickest inherent time. This money is then used later on to pay off the hamlet that is negotiated by the debt negotiator. The faster person looks to save money and complete this process the good for many reasons. For one the faster you are out of debt the more money you stand to save and the less risk you take from the negative aspects of hamlet such as lawsuit and further damage to the reputation report.

This brings us to the title of the narrative "How Does a Debt hamlet Law Firm Work?" As I explained above there are great benefits to debt hamlet such as saving lots of money and time; and there are also some downsides such as collection calls and the possibility of a lawsuit.

The main differences in the middle of how debt hamlet is handled by a debt hamlet law firm and appropriate debt hamlet enterprise is how they deal with the negative drawbacks. A law firm has much more legal power and is set up correctly to comply with their states' laws.

Collection Calls

One of the first major differences in how debt hamlet is handled has to deal with collections calls. When you first fall behind and your debt is still in the hands of the primary creditor there is nothing legally that can be done to stop them from calling. However once the creditor passes the list off to a third party collection department which will happen anywhere in the middle of 3-6 months after falling behind things change. Legally once in the hands of the collectors a law firm will have the power to have all calls to their client stopped, and if the accumulator continues to call and harass the client legal operation can be taken against that creditor looking as they will be in violation of the Fdcpa (Fair Debt Collections Practices Act).

So the client's first benefit by using a law firm will be a much decreased operation in collection calls, and this is very prominent for some people. Any quarterly debt hamlet associates that claim they can stop the calls are plainly not telling you the truth and you should be very weary of them because of this.

Lawsuits

The next major benefit a law firm has regarding debt hamlet is how a lawsuit can be handled. In case you are not aware once you fall behind on your reputation card debts the creditors/collectors do hold the legal right to pursue you through the courts to get the debt. However I will mention, that suing is not the mainstay of the collectors and is not exercised very often; conjecture being it plainly costs too much money and time on the creditor's profit with no guarantee of getting any money even if they were able to get a judgment anyway.

The benefit the law firm has is they can still legally taste and negotiate a hamlet with your accumulator after they have issued a summons to court. A debt hamlet enterprise does not have this legal power. The collectors are very willing to negotiate a hamlet even after the summons has been issued; they realize they may get very tiny if whatever regardless, so being contacted by a reputable law firm who is willing to offer them money and settle the debt without wasting any time or money with going to court is very useful to the collector.

If you get sued and you only have a appropriate enterprise representing you, you can expect to go to court and try to figure it out yourself. This often results in a judgment for the debtor!

Correct Legal Set Up

Perhaps the biggest benefit the law firm has over a enterprise is how they are set up. The vast majority of debt hamlet associates are not legally allowed to work in all the states; many are not even set up correctly to control in their own state.

The states' attorneys and the Ftc (Federal Trade Commission) are cracking down severely on these associates and shutting them down as fast as possible. When this happens often times the enterprise does not have the money to payback its clients for the fees they paid to a enterprise that will no longer be in enterprise and can no longer help to settle their debts. Now the debtor will be left retention the bag having paid thousands in fees but still be stuck in debt, and this nightmare scenario happens more than you may think. Thus production law firms a much, much safer option!

Another issue that many population have with debt hamlet associates is they will not disclose how this process works and will plainly sugar coats things and preach about the great benefits but never mention one downside. A law firm legally must disclose everything about how this works before being able to enroll whatever into any structured payment plan. A lot of associates do not have your interest at heart and will say whatever it takes to get you signed up even if they are fully aware that they are setting you up to fail.

Which brings me to my last point; a lot of unscrupulous associates will allow their clients to sign into a program and pay whatever they want and put them into programs that are set up for much longer than they should be. By stretching a debt hamlet program out the savings will decrease and the inherent for a lawsuit will increase. These associates cannot legally give the client advice or aid if they get sued; it is thought about unlicensed convention of law and this is what I mean by them knowing they will be setting you up to fail. If you can't get this process done within three years, four max in special situations, then you should seriously think bankruptcy. A law firm will be strait up and tell this to you, where many shady associates will keep trying to sign you up.

I absolutely hope after reading this narrative you feel enlightened and now have a much good comprehension of how debt hamlet works and how a law firm can benefit you the most. I know for the most part I have been focusing on the negative aspects of debt settlement, but I feel it is prominent for population to understand both the good and the bad, allowing them to make an educated wise financial decision on how to get out of debt. But you must realize just how grand the benefits of this process are! saving close to half of what is currently owed and becoming debt free in a few years will be so useful to your current and time to come financial well being. reputation card debt has a way of destroying people's finances and their lives and debt hamlet is the perfect alternative for those who want to leave debt speedily and avoid the embarrassment of filing for bankruptcy.

If you are entertaining as to whether using a debt hamlet law firm can benefit your financial situation then I request you to ensue the link below in the signature box and fill out an application. I welcome the opening to spin your personal and unique situation to see if debt hamlet will be the right fit for you.

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What's the difference Between: A Lawyer, Solicitor, Advocate, Barrister, Counselor, and an Attorney?

Attorney - What's the difference Between: A Lawyer, Solicitor, Advocate, Barrister, Counselor, and an Attorney?

Hello everybody. Today, I learned all about Attorney - What's the difference Between: A Lawyer, Solicitor, Advocate, Barrister, Counselor, and an Attorney?. Which could be very helpful for me so you. What's the difference Between: A Lawyer, Solicitor, Advocate, Barrister, Counselor, and an Attorney?

Have you ever wondered where all these somewhat confusing terms came from? Well the reply is they are all types of Lawyers originated from various legal systems. Some of the terms are from the English legal system, some are from Scotland and some from the American legal system.

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Attorney

An Attorney is somebody legally empowered to recount an additional one person, or act on their behalf.

A Lawyer is somebody who can give legal guidance and has been trained in the law.

Are Attorney and Lawyer are synonyms? Basically yes, but they are not necessarily Interchangeable terms, you cannot for instance say I give you the Power of a Lawyer, but you absolutely might say I give you the power of Attorney...

Look again at the above definitions, does it now make any sense? Off procedure it does.

An attorney in fact is an agent who conducts business under authority that is controlled and diminutive by a written document called a letter, or power, of attorney granted by the principal. An attorney at law is an officer of a court of law authorized to recount the man employing him (the client) in legal proceedings.

A Solicitor- One that solicits, especially one that seeks trade or contributions. The chief law officer of a city, town, or government branch but does not act as an advocate in court, as opposed to the Attorney who pleads in court. (English Law).

A Barrister(Called Advocate in Scotland) presents the case in court. Most senior and considerable barristers are designated King's (Queen's) counsel.

A advisor at law- In the past at least in some U.S states there was a dissimilarity in the middle of the term A advisor at Law who argued the case in court and an attorney who ready the case but didn't argue it.

Nowadays an attorney at law is authorized to exercise all the functions of a practicing lawyer. All of them must, however, like the ordinary attorney, be admitted to the bar. The term attorney is also used for county, state, and federal prosecuting officers, as county attorney, district attorney, and attorney general.

Lawyers, also called attorneys, act as both advocates and advisors in our society. As advocates, they recount one of the parties in criminal and civil trials by presenting evidence and arguing in court to hold their client. As advisors, lawyers counsel their clients regarding their legal possession and obligations and recommend single courses of activity in business and personal matters. Although all lawyers are licensed to recount parties in court, some appear in court more often than others. Trial lawyers, who specialize in trial work, must be able to think speedily and speak with ease and authority. In addition, familiarity with courtroom rules and strategy is particularly foremost in trial work. Still, trial lawyers spend the majority of their time face the courtroom, conducting research, interviewing clients and witnesses, and handling other details in establishment for trial.

Lawyers types:

The legal system affects nearly every aspect of our society, from buying a home to crossing the street. Lawyers hold positions of great responsibility and are obligated to bind to a accurate code of ethics.

The more detailed aspects of a lawyer's job depend upon his or her field of specialization and position. Although all lawyers are licensed to recount parties in court, some appear in court more often than others.

Lawyers may specialize in a whole of distinct areas, such as bankruptcy, probate, international, or elder law. Those specializing in environmental law, for example, may recount public-interest groups, waste disposal companies, or construction firms in their dealings with the U.S. Environmental security branch (Epa) and other Federal and State agencies. These lawyers help clients put in order and file for licenses and applications for approval before determined activities may occur. In addition, they recount clients' interests in menagerial adjudications.

Some lawyers merge in the growing field of intellectual property, helping to protect clients' claims to copyrights, artwork under contract, stock designs, and computer programs. Still other lawyers recommend guarnatee clubs about the legality of guarnatee transactions, writing guarnatee policies to conform with the law and to protect clubs from unwarranted claims.

Most lawyers are found in private practice, where they merge on criminal or civil law. In criminal law, lawyers recount individuals who have been charged with crimes and argue their cases in courts of law. Attorneys dealing with civil law help clients with litigation, wills, trusts, contracts, mortgages, titles, and leases. Other lawyers handle only public-interest cases--civil or criminal--which may have an impact extending well beyond the individual client.

These issues might involve patents, government regulations, and contracts with other companies, asset interests, or collective-bargaining agreements with unions.

Other lawyers work for legal-aid societies--private, nonprofit organizations established to serve disadvantaged people. These lawyers generally handle civil, rather than criminal, cases. A relatively small whole of trained attorneys work in law schools.

The real life situations have created "specialties" agreeing to business profitability. This is how terms like Vioxx Lawyer, Dui Lawyer, Lemon Law Lawyer , Structured Settlements Lawyer and others came about.

Additional Information:

www.Lawyers-Best-Infoweb.com

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Registered vs Trademark

Attorney - Registered vs Trademark

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The (Tm) or Sm sticker is to be used for marks that whether have a pending trademark application Or for marks that are plainly claiming the ownership to the mark.

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Attorney

The ® sticker is to be used for marks that have a Federally registered trademark.

Trademarks can be names of products or services, logos, slogans, containers and even sounds and smells. In essence, a trademark can be approximately anything that is used to recognize a particular goods or service. Registering a trademark grants the owner exclusive ownership to the mark within the specified industry. Of course, it's important to investigate the mark comprehensively prior to filing to ensure that there is no possibility of infringing upon an additional one party.

Proper Use of the Symbols:

You can freely use the (Tm) or Sm sticker while your application is pending Or if you're plainly claiming the ownership to the name. Sometimes these symbols are governed by local or state laws so it may be best to double check. But more often than not, you're free to use it.

The ® sticker should only be used once you've received your Federal trademark registration.

The typical placement for these symbols is in the right-hand corner/to the right of your name and/or logo. For instance, TradeMark Express ® or as displayed on our home page.

Many fellowships and/or products use these symbols incorrectly so please don't take it as fact if you see these symbols next to a name, logo or slogan. Only uncut investigate will tell you if the marks are in fact pending or registered.

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How To Find The Best Personal Injury Lawyer

Attorney - How To Find The Best Personal Injury Lawyer

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Did you get injured in an crisis which was not your own fault but resulted due to someone else's negligence or utter carelessness? If such is the case, you must be reasoning about the ready options -how you can possibly meet the expenses of the healing treatment? How you can make back your lost wage? Or even the pain and suffering that you endured as a consequence of this unfortunate event of your life! In case you are faced with such a situation, do not waste your time in pondering, get in touch with a personal injury lawyer immediately. Only a expert specialist in this field can narrate your case properly in the house of law and validate your standpoint. However, while hiring a personal injury lawyer, you must not compromise with capability of the assistance offered. pick only the very best personal injury lawyer.

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Once you conclude opting for the services of a personal injury lawyer, you have to ensure that your choice is a wise one. After all, it is natural to look for someone who is vastly skilled and is well conversant in dealing with similar cases. Also an injury lawyer who will listen to your case sympathetically and attentively and try to address your every concern is ideally preferable. But how would you go about choosing the best personal injury lawyer? Here are a few tips to help you straight through -

1. Before getting into any agreement, most personal injury attorneys will offer you a 'free consultation'. This is really when they will talk to you, listen to your case in details, and judge either there is any chance for you to get back the compensation amount. However, before attending such free consultation appointments, it is better if you do a background check on those attorneys and try to find out either they have any suited feats in dealing with similar cases in the past. Only a expert lawyer with prior palpate in dealing with personal injury-related cases can serve the purpose, most effectively.

2. Again, if you find someone calling you on the phone from a law firm offering you legal aid just after the crisis or mishap, promising affordable terms for their assistance -it is advisable not to walk into the trap. Reputable legal consultancies and legal practitioners do not ask for clients over telephone.

3. Once you pick an attorney for legal representation, it is best to ask them a few questions to additional confirm either they can best narrate your case or not. Firstly, check out from their credentials either they are certified by the local as well as nationally preponderant legal bodies.

4. Ask them, either they would be working directly on your case or will refer this to their juniors and corollary it up from time to time. It's better to have a straightforward talk with your lawyer. Lastly don't hesitate to ask your lawyer either you stand a chance of winning the case or not.

Dealing with a personal injury claim demands extra aptitude and expertise. Only an experienced injury lawyer can deliver against all odds. While finding for best personal injury lawyer, Chicago residents have more reasons to feel protected. With srflaw.com, Chicago's premier legal assistance provider, you can really recover your compensation amount from the offender.

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Shop guarnatee

Attorney - Shop guarnatee

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Starting a business is an achievement that many aspire for, hoping to grab a piece of the a dream. Nowadays, there is a lot of red tape to jump straight through in order to get a shop off the ground, including tax and payroll information, permits, and catalogue and most important, shop insurance. Getting shop insurance can be overwhelming, as there are many options for coverage. It is leading to take time to shop and collate rates in order to get the best deal.

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Attorney

The leading requirement for any type of shop insurance is property insurance. If the shop is in a financed, stand alone building, chances are that the lender required property insurance before agreeing to finance the facility. This type of insurance will safe the owner from the liability of damage to the structure itself, along with the items inside to a inevitable maximum payout. Even businesses in rented structure or facilities are in need of property insurance to cover the items inside the construction that can be damaged, stolen or destroyed.

Another type of shop insurance to look for is liability insurance. This is security for the business against any lawsuits or other claims that a buyer can bring against the business. If man falls in the shop or claims that he or she incurred damages from a visit to the shop, a lawsuit can be established. Regardless of the outcome, there are court fees, attorney fees, curative bills, pain and suffering, and other claims that can drain the profit structure and bankrupt many small shops and businesses. Liability insurance will safe and cover these costs, so as not to influence the total business costs and expenditures.

Employer liability insurance is an additional one selection for coverage in work connected accidents. Employees that get hurt on the job may need time off, curative expenses and even payroll while unforeseen circumstances. Obtaining manager liability insurance will safe both the business owner and the workers, insuring that their needs will be met without hesitation.

Insurance can be expensive. In a tough economy, insurance premiums can make a big difference to a struggling shop or business. One should not cut shop insurance coverage potential in replacement for a lower premium. It may seem like a good business choice, but there should all the time be adequate coverage to keep the business from having to close its doors due to fire, theft, or lawsuits.

There are many ways to save on insurance. A shopkeeper should never take the first quote, before request for bids from other insurance associates that are willing to compete for your business. The Internet is loaded with websites that are concerned in providing businesses with quotes for insurance, many that come with incentives.

Once an insurance business is chosen, it is best to merge all policies into the same company. Often insurance associates will offer a business holder that lumps liability, property and other specialty insurances together for a lower premium. Also, opting for a higher deductible can lower premiums significantly, helping to ease the cost burden.

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Personal Injury Cases: Hire the Best Lawyer

Attorney - Personal Injury Cases: Hire the Best Lawyer

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Representing personal injury cases can be a daunting task especially under circumstances where in, the fault of the opposite party is difficult to prove. Case proceedings can be relatively easier in workers compensation, defective products and healing malpractice cases. Other cases like road accidents bright cars or motorcycles need expert legal aid to recover the recompense due to the victims.

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Attorney

Many victims of a road emergency tend to neglect the legal aspect of their case and delay in contacting their lawyer. Mostly, this delay is due to the healing attention that the injuries suffered in the emergency may require. At this point it is very foremost for friends and house of the victim to take immediate action and seek out the best personal injury lawyer in their vicinity.

When it comes to approaching a lawyer to file a case, you must act fast once an incident of personal injury has taken place. If healing attention is required then make sure you lose minimum time in starting legal collaboration. The most foremost aspect of a trial is the presentation of the case to court. This is done by the lawyer or attorney you hire to cope your case.

When it comes to recovery of compensation, logical arguments need to be presented in court in order to neutralize the opposite party's arguments. This requires aggressive representation of facts with favorable evidences. Evidences could be anything from proper Cctv footage to a broken dashboard. It is the expertise of the lawyer to turn the case in your favor with his adept handling of available facts.

Therefore, to make sure your case meets with success, you will have to hire a recognized and highly flourishing lawyer. Firstly, in order to make a dependable selection you need to look for good lawyers or attorneys straight through dependable sources. Relatives and friends who might have gone straight through legal deliberations in the past can furnish you with the right solution sometimes. However, it is best to pick your lawyer basing on your study of his past cases and the success rate there in.

As you reconsider the prospects of hiring a lawyer to record your case, make sure you are familiar with his style of working and are convinced beyond doubt that his representation can help win your case. This can be done by contacting a few of his old clients and taking their account of his services. The attorney's interaction with his client must be highly cooperative and compassionate.

Understanding and team work alone help win a case of personal injury. Iowa City Ia with its urban people has registered many personal injury cases in the past decade. people residing there in, now have a clear idea of personal injury laws governing their state and therefore, need to only to make the right selection of lawyer to record their case to court.

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Corporate Identity: It's More Than A Logo

Attorney - Corporate Identity: It's More Than A Logo

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Let's say you're the marketing director of a professional services firm, the director of corporate communications, or the firm president. You know you're good at what you do and that your firm provides outstanding services. What's troubling you is the dissonance in the middle of these outstanding services and the level of corporate marketing collateral and the web site. You're worried that marketing communications are sending mixed messages and thwarting firm development efforts. In fact, corporate literature design has become a reactive process, often driven by the need for a piece for an upcoming event. With clients and prospects savvier than ever, you're implicated that the right image for firm has not been created.

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Attorney

Creating image is the job of a optical identity system. It is the follow of the integration of firm goals and creative design. It defines the use of typography, image, color, layout and logo to reflect your business, making obvious that all communications send a single message. A principles will supply the basic architecture for all external and internal communications, ensuring a consistent presentation from corporate literature design to signage.

Musical Chairs

Creating a optical identity is a process that begins by switching seats with clients and prospects to view your firm from their perspective. As seen from your old seat, the range of ways to interact with your firm can look like a series of unrelated events. On the outside there doesn't appear to be a association in the middle of corporate collateral, communal relations initiatives, interior office space design, and the web site. To an private client or expectation though, these internal and external touchpoints consolidate to originate a single picture of your business. More than passing impressions, these imprints become one's communal 'Experience' of your business. There is no lawful port of entry into this world. Where someone may enter your sphere cannot, and should not, be controlled. Having many points of entry is optimum. Therefore, it is crucial that the palpate be consistent from portal to portal. Clients and prospects will find it confusing if different encounters send different messages about your firm. The danger to firm is that your palpate is spinning without thoughtful input, creating a hodge-podge world of mixed messages and images, all featuring the corporate logo.

Let's apply this palpate principle to corporate literature design. In this scenario, you're the marketing director of a mid-sized law firm. Each of your firm's clients works with a multi-disciplinary team of attorneys who solve a range of legal needs over a spectrum of issues. This forward-thinking buildings is the unique factor that distinguishes your firm from among the top 10 in your city. Is it sufficient to state this in the firm brochure or in each convention area brochure? What type of design coming would visually reinforce that message to a expectation seeing for a firm of conservative risk-takers? If the content says conservative risk-takers, but the presentation says only conservative, dissonance has been created. If the content says creative and forward-thinking, but the presentation says stodgy, or, if the content says high level of expertise and the presentation says low production values, message and presentation are not aligned. design and message need to reinforce one another. A seamless integration of content and presentation is a winning combination. Anything less will follow in confused prospects.

Who Are You?

What palpate do you want to originate for clients and prospects? The talk to this quiz, begins with a definition of your business. This groundwork needs to be in place before a designer can settle how Anything may look. Many professionals find the following questions a good place to begin:

who are our key clients, existing and targeted;what are their major concerns and issues;what skills, resources, strengths, experiences do we have that will address these concerns;what do we want clients/prospects to know about us (exclude the obvious: we have a combined 100 years of experience; we supply fresh, creative solutions; we supply top-notch retain and follow-through; we listen to our clients...);which clients/industries make up the largest part of firm now; how do we want that to change;how would clients characterize us;is there a discrepancy in the middle of how the firm is perceived in the store and how we comprehend ourselves;is there a discrepancy in the middle of current perception and how the firm looks to us in 5 years;what messages about the company, obvious and negative, are being delivered by current corporate literature design?

Try mental of the firm as a 'who' rather than an 'it' and sketch a personality. Start with obvious adjectives (casual, formal, friendly, quiet) to get them out of the way, allowing for more idiosyncratic and differentiating descriptions to emerge. Anything goes while this stage of the process. Leave the editing for later.

Honest and thoughtful answers will drill below the surface, where unique ideas are born. A definition of your firm will emerge that truly distinguishes it and its Experience. All creative decisions to come will retain this definition as a designer translates it into a optical statement. When linked with firm goals and objectives, these creative decisions become strategic rather than capricious. For example, a monochromatic color palette will send a different message than one that features bright, traditional colors. Additionally, just because your computer principles has 200 fonts, doesn't mean it makes sense to use them all. Depending on the messages to be supported, a house of traditional fonts may be premium over those that are contemporary. Or a sophisticated composition of traditional and cutting edge typestyles may make the best optical statement. What about imagery? Would it be great to use photos or would illustrations best reflect the message? Architecture firms often prefer large site photos and minimal copy, allowing the work to speak for itself. In this scenario a flexible layout grid would need to be created to adapt a range of projects. Creative options are endless; consistency is the key.

As a dynamic entity, the palpate must be defined with care given to the messages it will deliver and the type of responses they must generate. supply value by crafting content that illustrates your working knowledge of the major issues for clients and prospects. While it is good to know that a firm has many years of experience, these 'we' messages, (we have 100 years of experience, we have won many awards, we understand) will not resonate like messages that mirror a situation that a client or expectation is facing. The old is a monologue, the latter mimics a dialogue by demonstrating knowledge of issues, understanding of consequences, and an capability to envision and craft solutions.

The same principle applies to web site design and content. Several years ago there was total panic to get a web site 'out there.' Many fellowships did just that: got something out there. They mistook performance for progress. Today these sites are being gutted because they cost a lot and generated little. Listing resumé content is acceptable, but shouldn't drive the site design. It creates a monologue where there should be dialogue. Visitors to the site must be able to pick up their issue thread on the home page. A web site is not confined by binding or page count. Take advantage of the medium to let prospects de facto find exactly what they are seeing for. This is how to avoid creating a digital brochure. Refer back to the definition practice and characterize your list of client issues. Demonstrate to users that not only do those of us at Our firm understand these issues, we have improbable questions and furnished answers, so please click here. This provides real value, imparting working knowledge that can make the site a reference point.

Maybe Later

This process of defining the Experience, the business, and optical identity is a difficult exercise. It lends itself to procrastination and excuse-making. Do any of the following sound familiar?

We're too busy to deal with this now.I don't have the allocation to do this.We know we should do this, but we've decided to give it other year to see where firm goes first.

If you find yourself mental that you're too busy, remember that identity is all about perception. At the same time that you and your staff are hard at work, corporate collateral is working too, creating an palpate of your firm for habitancy you may never have met, who may be working for firms you've never heard of, or ones you've been trying to get into. Communications that align with the palpate will retain your efforts and expand business. A disconnect will originate headaches that will make their way to the top of your to-do list.

Budget is an ongoing concern. Time and money were invested in those one-off pieces created for that upcoming event. A principles will eliminate costs incurred reinventing the design decision wheel. Laying a strong optical foundation first and adding components (literature program, web site, advertising, etc.) in phases will ensure that the pieces developed today will work with those added next year. Each increasing to the system, even if it is for a one-time event, will add equity to the logo and retain name recognition efforts.

If you want to give it all a puny more time, ask yourself why. As temporary solutions, existing communications will be out of alignment with your palpate and confusing to prospects and clients. The marketplace is involving too fast to lose position straight through confusion. while that same timeframe an identity could begin to design a presence, planting seeds for the future. Because it is about perception and capturing the essence of the Experience, a optical identity will supply a solid foundation for expansion. The strokes are broad sufficient to adapt transitions and adjustments. Fantasize the principles as a structure: too narrow in its foresight and it will be fast outgrown.

Everyone is clamoring for clients' or prospects' attention. Noise in the marketplace is loud. With a optical identity that has thrown your company's palpate out of alignment, its voice is unable to assault the clear and resonant chord that will rise above the din. involving design will bring a quiet symmetry to the palpate that will be clearly audible.

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Hospice Fraud - A quote For Employees, Whistleblowers, Attorneys, Lawyers and Law Firms

Attorney - Hospice Fraud - A quote For Employees, Whistleblowers, Attorneys, Lawyers and Law Firms

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Hospice fraud in South Carolina and the United States is an expanding question as the estimate of hospice patients has exploded over the past few years. From 2004 to 2008, the estimate of patients receiving hospice care in the United States grew approximately 40% to nearly 1.5 million, and of the 2.5 million citizen who died in 2008, nearly one million were hospice patients. The remarkable majority of citizen receiving hospice care receive federal benefits from the federal government straight through the Medicare or Medicaid programs. The condition care providers who furnish hospice services traditionally enroll in the Medicare and Medicaid programs in order to qualify to receive payments under these government programs for services rendered to Medicare and Medicaid eligible patients.

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While most hospice condition care organizations furnish approved and ethical rehabilitation for their hospice patients, because hospice eligibility under Medicare and Medicaid involves clinical judgments which may result in the payments of large sums of money from the federal government, there are colossal opportunities for fraudulent practices and false billing claims by unscrupulous hospice care providers. As recent federal hospice fraud promulgation actions have demonstrated, the estimate of condition care companies and individuals who are willing to try to defraud the Medicare and Medicaid hospice benefits programs is on the rise.

A recent example of hospice fraud exciting a South Carolina hospice is Southern Care, Inc., a hospice enterprise that in 2009 paid .7 million to determine an Fca case. The defendant operated hospices in 14 other states, too, including Alabama, Georgia, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Louisiana, Michigan, Mississippi, Missouri, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Texas, Virginia and Wisconsin. The alleged frauds were that patients were not eligible for hospice, to wit, were not terminally ill, lack of documentation of terminal illnesses, and that the enterprise marketed to potential patients with the promise of free medications, supplies, and the provision of home condition aides. Southern Care also entered into a 5-year Corporate Integrity deal with the Oig as part of the settlement. The qui tam relators received approximately million.

Understanding the Consequences of Hospice Fraud and Whistleblower Actions

U.S. And South Carolina consumers, including hospice patients and their house members, and condition care employees who are employed in the hospice industry, as well as their Sc lawyers and attorneys, should familiarize themselves with the basics of the hospice care industry, hospice eligibility under the Medicare and Medicaid programs, and hospice fraud schemes that have industrialized over the country. Consumers need to protect themselves from unethical hospice providers, and hospice employees need to guard against knowingly or unwittingly participating in condition care fraud against the federal government because they may branch themselves to administrative sanctions, including lengthy exclusions from working in an society which receives federal funds, colossal civil monetary penalties and fines, and criminal sanctions, including incarceration. When a hospice worker discovers fraudulent escort exciting Medicare or Medicaid billings or claims, the worker should not share in such behavior, and it is imperative that the unlawful escort be reported to law promulgation and/or regulatory authorities. Not only does reporting such fraudulent Medicare or Medicaid practices shield the hospice worker from exposure to the foregoing administrative, civil and criminal sanctions, but hospice fraud whistleblowers may advantage financially under the reward provisions of the federal False Claims Act, 31 U.S.C. §§ 3729-3732, by bringing false claims suits, also known as qui tam or whistleblower suits, against their employers on behalf of the United States.

Types of Hospice Care Services

Hospice care is a type of condition care assistance for patients who are terminally ill. Hospices also furnish maintain services for the families of terminally ill patients. This care includes bodily care and counseling. Hospice care is commonly provided by a collective department or incommunicable enterprise stylish by Medicare and Medicaid. Hospice care is available for all age groups, including children, adults, and the elderly who are in the final stages of life. The purpose of hospice is to furnish care for the terminally ill patient and his or her house and not to cure the terminal illness.

If a patient qualifies for hospice care, the patient can receive curative and maintain services, including nursing care, curative collective services, doctor services, counseling, homemaker services, and other types of services. The hospice patient will have a team of doctors, nurses, home condition aides, collective workers, counselors and trained volunteers to help the patient and his or her house members cope with the symptoms and consequences of the terminal illness. While many hospice patients and their families can receive hospice care in the ease of their home, if the hospice patient's condition deteriorates, the patient can be transferred to a hospice facility, hospital, or nursing home to receive hospice care.

Hospice Care Statistics

The estimate of days that a patient receives hospice care is often referenced as the "length of stay" or "length of service." The distance of assistance is dependent on a estimate of different factors, including but not diminutive to, the type and stage of the disease, the quality of and entrance to condition care providers before the hospice referral, and the timing of the hospice referral. In 2008, the midpoint distance of stay for hospice patients was about 21 days, the midpoint distance of stay was about 69 days, approximately 35% of hospice patients died or were discharged within 7 days of the hospice referral, and only about 12% of hospice patients survived longer than 180 days.

Most hospice care patients receive hospice care in incommunicable homes (40%). Other locations where hospice services are provided are nursing homes (22%), residential facilities (6%), hospice patient facilities (21%), and acute care hospitals (10%). Hospice patients are generally the elderly, and hospice age group percentages are 34 years or less (1%), 35 - 64 years (16%), 65 - 74 years (16%), 75 - 84 years (29%), and over 85 years (38%). As for the terminal illness resulting in a hospice referral, cancer is the prognosis for approximately 40% of hospice patients, followed by debility unspecified (15%), heart disease (12%), dementia (11%), lung disease (8%), stroke (4%) and kidney disease (3%). Medicare pays the great majority of hospice care expenses (84%), followed by incommunicable assurance (8%), Medicaid (5%), charity care (1%) and self pay (1%).

As of 2008, there were approximately 4,700 locations which were providing hospice care in the United States, which represented about a 50% growth over ten years. There were about 3,700 companies and organizations which were providing hospice services in the United States. About half of the hospice care providers in the United States are for-profit organizations, and about half are non-profit organizations.
General overview of the Medicare and Medicaid Programs

In 1965, Congress established the Medicare program to furnish condition assurance for the elderly and disabled. Payments from the Medicare program arise from the Medicare Trust fund, which is funded by government contributions and straight through payroll deductions from American workers. The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (Cms), previously known as the condition Care Financing administration (Hcfa), is the federal department within the United States department of condition and Human Services (Hhs) that administers the Medicare program and works in partnership with state governments to administer Medicaid.

In 2007, Cms reorganized its ten geography-based field offices to a Consortia structure based on the agency's key lines of business: Medicare condition plans, Medicare financial management, Medicare fee for assistance operations, Medicaid and children's health, eye & certification and quality improvement. The Cms consortia consist of the following:

• Consortium for Medicare condition Plans Operations
• Consortium for Financial administration and Fee for assistance Operations
• Consortium for Medicaid and Children's condition Operations
• Consortium for quality revising and eye & Certification Operations

Each consortium is led by a Consortium Administrator (Ca) who serves as the Cms's national focal point in the field for their enterprise line. Each Ca is responsible for consistent implementation of Cms programs, course and guidance over all ten regions for matters pertaining to their enterprise line. In expanding to responsibility for a enterprise line, each Ca also serves as the Agency's senior administration official for two or three Regional Offices (Ros), representing the Cms Administrator in external matters and overseeing administrative operations.

Much of the daily administration and operation of the Medicare program is managed straight through incommunicable assurance companies that compact with the Government. These incommunicable assurance companies, sometimes called "Medicare Carriers" or "Fiscal Intermediaries," are expensed with and responsible for accepting Medicare claims, determining coverage, and manufacture payments from the Medicare Trust Fund. These carriers, including Palmetto Government Benefits Administrators (hereinafter "Pgba"), a department of Blue Cross and Blue Shield of South Carolina, operate pursuant to 42 U.S.C. §§ 1395h and 1395u and rely on the good faith and specific representations of condition care providers when processing claims.

Over the past forty years, the Medicare program has enabled the elderly and disabled to obtain valuable curative services from curative providers throughout the United States. valuable to the success of the Medicare program is the basal thought that condition care providers accurately and legitimately submit claims and bills to the Medicare Trust Fund only for those curative treatments or services that are legitimate, uncostly and medically necessary, in full yielding with all laws, regulations, rules, and conditions of participation, and, further, that curative providers not take advantage of their elderly and disabled patients.

The Medicaid program is available only to inevitable low-income individuals and families who must meet eligibility requirements set forth by federal and state law. Each state sets its own guidelines with regard to eligibility and services. Although administered by private states, the Medicaid program is funded primarily by the federal government. Medicaid does not pay money to patients; rather, it sends payments directly to the patient's condition care providers. Like Medicare, the Medicaid program depends on condition care providers to accurately and legitimately submit claims and bills to program administrators only for those curative treatments or services that are legitimate, uncostly and medically necessary, in full yielding with all laws, regulations, rules, and conditions of participation, and, further, that curative providers not take advantage of their indigent patients.

Medicare & Medicaid Hospice Laws Which work on Sc Hospices

Hospice fraud occurs when hospice organizations, by and straight through their employees, agents and owners, knowingly violate the terms and conditions of the applicable Medicare and Medicaid hospice statutes, regulations, rules and conditions of participation. In order to be able to recognize hospice fraud, hospices, hospice patients, hospice employees and their attorneys and lawyers must know the Medicare laws and requirements relating to hospice care benefits.

Medicare's two main sources of authorization for hospice benefits are found in the collective safety Act and the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations. The statutory provisions are primarily found at 42 U.S.C. §§ 1395d, 1395e, 1395f(a)(7), 1395x(d)(d), and 1395y, and the regulatory provisions are found at 42 C.F.R. Part 418.

To be eligible for Medicare benefits for hospice care, the patient must be eligible for Medicare Part A and be terminally ill. 42 C.F.R. § 418.20. terminal illness is established when "the private has a curative prognosis that his or her life expectancy is 6 months or less if the illness runs its normal course." 42 C.F.R. § 418.3; 42 U.S.C. § 1395x(d)(d)(3). The patient's doctor and the curative director of the hospice must certify in writing that the patient is "terminally ill." 42 U.S.C. § 1395f(a)(7); 42 C.F.R. § 418.20. After a patient's initial certification, Medicare provides for two ninety-day advantage periods followed by an unlimited estimate of sixty-day advantage periods. 42 U.S.C. § 1395d(a)(4). At the end of each ninety- or sixty-day period, the patient can be re-certified only if at that time he or she has less than six months to live if the illness runs its normal course. 42 U.S.C. § 1395f(a)(7)(A). The written certification and re-certifications must be maintained in the patient's curative records. 42 C.F.R. § 418.23. A written plan of care must be established for each patient setting forth the types of hospice care services the patient is scheduled to receive, 42 U.S.C. § 1395f(a)(7)(B), and the hospice care has to be provided in accordance with such plan of care. 42 U.S.C. § 1395f(a)(7)(C); 42 C.F.R. § 418.56. Clinical records for each hospice patient must be maintained by the hospice, including plan of care, assessments, clinical notes, signed observation of election, patient responses to medication and therapy, doctor certifications and re-certifications, outcome data, improve directives and doctor orders. 42 C.F.R. § 418.104.

The hospice must obtain a written observation of determination from the patient to elect to receive Medicare hospice benefits. 42 C.F.R. § 418.24. Importantly, once a patient has elected to receive hospice care benefits, the patient waives Medicare benefits for curative rehabilitation for the terminal disease upon which is the admitting diagnosis. 42 C.F.R. § 418.24(d).

The hospice must prescribe an Interdisciplinary Group (Idg) or groups composed of individuals who work together to meet the physical, medical, psychosocial, emotional, and spiritual needs of the hospice patients and families facing terminal illness and bereavement. 42 C.F.R. § 418.56. The Idg members must furnish the care and services offered by the hospice, and the group, in its entirety, must supervise the care and services. A registered nurse that is a member of the Idg must be designated to furnish coordination of care and to ensure continuous assessment of each patient's and family's needs and implementation of the interdisciplinary plan of care. The interdisciplinary group must include, but is not diminutive to, the following considerable and competent professionals: (i) A doctor of rehabilitation or osteopathy (who is an worker or under compact with the hospice); (ii) A registered nurse; (iii) A collective worker; and, (iv) A pastoral or other counselor. 42 C.F.R. § 418.56.

The Medicare hospice regulations, at 42 C.F.R. § 418.200, summarize the requirements for hospice coverage in pertinent part as follows:

To be covered, hospice services must meet the following requirements. They must be uncostly and valuable for the palliation and administration of the terminal illness as well as associated conditions. The private must elect hospice care in accordance with §418.24. A plan of care must be established and periodically reviewed by the attending physician, the curative director, and the interdisciplinary group of the hospice program as set forth in §418.56. That plan of care must be established before hospice care is provided. The services provided must be consistent with the plan of care. A certification that the private is terminally ill must be completed as set forth in section §418.22.

The collective safety Act, at 42 U.S.C. § 1395y(a), limits Medicare hospice benefits, providing in pertinent part as follows: "Notwithstanding any other provision of this title, no payment may be made under part A or part B for any expenses incurred for items or services-... (C) in the case of hospice care, which are not uncostly and valuable for the palliation or administration of terminal illness...." 42 C.F.R. § 418.50 (hospice care must be "reasonable and valuable for the palliation and administration of terminal illness"). Palliative care is defined in the regulations as "patient and family-centered care that optimizes quality of life by anticipating, preventing, and treating suffering. Palliative care throughout the continuum of illness involves addressing physical, intellectual, emotional, social, and spiritual needs and to facilitate patient autonomy, entrance to information, and choice." 42 C.F.R. § 418.3.

Medicare pays hospice agencies a daily rate for each day a beneficiary is enrolled in the hospice advantage and receives hospice care. The daily payments are made regardless of the estimate of services furnished on a given day and are intended to cover costs that the hospice incurs in furnishing services identified in the patient's plan of care. There are four levels of payments which are made based on the estimate of care required to meet beneficiary and house needs. 42 C.F.R. § 418.302; Cms Hospice Fact Sheet, November 2009. These four levels, and the corresponding 2010 daily rates, are as follows: disposition home care (2.91); continuous home care (4.10); patient respite care (7.83); and, normal patient care (5.74).

The aggregate every year cap per patient in 2009 was ,014.50. This cap is determined by adjusting the primary hospice patient cap of ,500, set in 1984, by the buyer Price Index. See Cms Internet-Only manual 100-04, episode 11, section 80.2; 42 U.S.C. § 1395f(i); 42 C.F.R. § 418.309. The Medicare Claims Processing Manual, at episode 11 - Processing Hospice Claims, in Section 80.2, entitled "Cap on allembracing Hospice Reimbursement," provides in pertinent part as follows: "Any payments in excess of the cap must be refunded by the hospice."

Hospice patients are responsible for Medicare co-insurance payments for drugs and respite care, and the hospice may charge the patient for these co-insurance payments. However, the co-insurance payments for drugs are diminutive to the lesser of or 5% of the cost of the drugs to the hospice, and the co-insurance payments for respite care are generally 5% of the payment made by Medicare for such services. 42 C.F.R. § 418.400.

The Medicare and Medicaid programs wish institutional condition care providers, including hospice organizations, to file an enrollment application in order to qualify to receive the programs' benefits. As part of these enrollment applications, the hospice providers certify that they will comply with Medicare and Medicaid laws, regulations, and program instructions, and added certify that they understand that payment of a claim by Medicare and Medicaid is conditioned upon the claim and basal transaction complying with such program laws and requirements. The Medicare Enrollment Application which hospice providers must execute, Form Cms-855A, states in part as follows: "I agree to abide by the Medicare laws, regulations and program instructions that apply to this provider. The Medicare laws, regulations, and program instructions are available straight through the Medicare contractor. I understand that payment of a claim by Medicare is conditioned upon the claim and the basal transaction complying with such laws, regulations, and program instructions (including, but not diminutive to, the Federal Aks and Stark laws), and on the provider's yielding with all applicable conditions of participation in Medicare."

Hospices are generally required to bill Medicare on a monthly basis. See the Medicare Claims Processing Manual, at episode 11 - Processing Hospice Claims, in Section 90 - Frequency of Billing. Hospices generally file their hospice Medicare claims with their Fiscal Intermediary or Medicare Carrier pursuant to the Cms Claims manual Form Cms 1450 (sometime also called a Form Ub-04 or Form Ub-92), either in paper or electronic form. These claim forms consist of representations and certifications which state in pertinent part that: (1) misrepresentations or falsifications of valuable facts may serve as the basis for civil monetary penalties and criminal convictions; (2) submission of the claim constitutes certification that the billing facts is true, spoton and complete; (3) the submitter did not knowingly or recklessly disregard or misrepresent or conceal material facts; (4) all required doctor certifications and re-certifications are on file; (5) all required patient signatures are on file; and, (6) for Medicaid purposes, the submitter understands that because payment and delight of this claim will be from Federal and State funds, any false statements, documents, or concealment of a material fact are branch to prosecution under applicable Federal or State Laws.

Hospices must also file with Cms an every year cost and data description of Medicare payments received. 42 U.S.C. § 1395f(i)(3); 42 U.S.C. § 1395x(d)(d)(4). The every year hospice cost and data reports, Form Cms 1984-99, consist of representations and certifications which state in pertinent part that: (1) misrepresentations or falsifications of facts contained in the cost description may be punishable by criminal, civil and administrative actions, including fines and/or imprisonment; (2) if any services identified in the description were the goods of a direct or indirect kickback or were otherwise illegal, then criminal, civil and administrative actions may result, including fines and/or imprisonment; (3) the description is a true, spoton and faultless statement prepared from the books and records of the provider in accordance with applicable instructions, except as noted; and, (4) the signing officer is well-known with the laws and regulations with regard to the provision of condition care services and that the services identified in this cost description were provided in yielding with such laws and regulations.

Hospice Anti-Fraud promulgation Statutes

There are a estimate of federal criminal, civil and administrative promulgation provisions set forth in the Medicare statutes which are aimed at preventing fraudulent conduct, including hospice fraud, and which help declare program integrity and compliance. Some of the more important promulgation provisions of the Medicare statutes consist of the following: 42 U.S.C. § 1320a-7b (Criminal fraud and anti-kickback penalties); 42 U.S.C. § 1320a-7a and 42 U.S.C. § 1320a-8 (Civil monetary penalties for fraud); 42 U.S.C. § 1320a-7 (Administrative exclusions from participation in Medicare/Medicaid programs for fraud); 42 U.S.C. § 1320a-4 (Administrative subpoena power for the Comptroller General).

Other criminal promulgation provisions which are used to combat Medicare and Medicaid fraud, including hospice fraud, consist of the following: 18 U.S.C. § 1347 (General condition care fraud criminal statute); 21 U.S.C. §§ 353, 333 (Prescription Drug Marketing Act); 18 U.S.C. § 669 (Theft or Embezzlement in connection with condition Care); 18 U.S.C. § 1035 (False statements relating to condition Care); 18 U.S.C. § 2 (Aiding and Abetting); 18 U.S.C. § 3 (Accessory after the Fact); 18 U.S.C. § 4 (Misprision of a Felony); 18 U.S.C. § 286 (Conspiracy to defraud the Government with respect to Claims); 18 U.S.C. § 287 (False, Fictitious or Fraudulent Claims); 18 U.S.C. § 371 (Criminal Conspiracy); 18 U.S.C. § 1001 (False Statements); 18 U.S.C. § 1341 (Mail Fraud); 18 U.S.C. § 1343 (Wire Fraud); 18 U.S.C. § 1956 (Money Laundering); 18 U.S.C. § 1957 (Money Laundering); and, 18 U.S.C. § 1964 (Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations ("Rico")).

The False Claims Act (Fca)

Hospice fraud whistleblowers may advantage financially under the reward provisions of the federal False Claims Act, 31 U.S.C. §§ 3729-3732, by bringing false claims suits, also known as qui tam or whistleblower suits, against their employers on behalf of the United States. The plaintiff in a hospice fraud whistleblower suit is also known as a relator. The most tasteless Fca provisions upon which hospice fraud qui tam or whistleblower relators rely are found in 31 U.S.C. § 3729: (A) knowingly presents, or causes to be presented, a false or fraudulent claim for payment or approval; (B) knowingly makes, uses, or causes to be made or used, a false description or statement material to a false or fraudulent claim; (C) conspires to commit a violation of subparagraph (A), (B), (D), (E), (F), or (G);..., and, (G) knowingly makes, uses, or causes to be made or used, a false description or statement material to an promulgation to pay or forward money or property to the Government, or knowingly conceals or knowingly and improperly avoids or decreases an promulgation to pay or forward money or property to the Government.... There is no requirement to prove definite intent to defraud. Rather, it is only valuable to prove actual knowledge of the false claims, false statements, or false records, or the defendant's deliberate indifference or reckless disregard of the truth or falsity of the information. 31 U.S.C. § 3729(b).

The Fca anti-retaliation provision protects the hospice whistleblower from retaliation from the hospice when the worker (or a contractor) "is discharged, demoted, suspended, threatened, harassed, or in any other manner discriminated against in the terms and conditions of employment" for taking activity to try to stop the fraudulent activity. 31 U.S.C. § 3730(h). A hospice employee's relief includes reinstatement, 2 times the estimate of back pay, interest on the back pay, and payment for any extra damages sustained as a result of the discrimination or retaliation, including litigation costs and uncostly attorneys' fees.

A Sc hospice fraud Fca whistleblower would initially file a disclosure statement, complaint and supporting documents with the U.S. Attorney's Office in Columbia, South Carolina, and the Us Attorney General. After the disclosures are filed, a federal court complaint can be filed. The Sc department where the frauds occurred, the relator's residence, and the defendant residence, will determine which department the case will be assigned. There are eleven federal court divisions in South Carolina. Once the case has been filed, the government has 60 days to determine either or not to intervene. While this time, federal government investigators placed in South Carolina will study the claims. If the case involved Medicaid, Sc Medicaid fraud unit investigators will likely come to be involved as well. If the government intervenes in the case, the U.S. Attorney for South Carolina is commonly the lead attorney. If the government does not intervene, the relator's Sc attorney will prosecute the case. In South Carolina, expect a qui tam case to take one to two years to get to trial.

Tips on Recognizing Hospice Fraud Schemes

The Hhs Office of Inspector normal (Oig) has issued extra Fraud Alerts for fraudulent and abusive practices of hospices. U.S. And South Carolina hospices, patients, hospice employees and whistleblowers, their attorneys and lawyers, should be well-known with these hospice fraud practices. Tips on recognizing hospice frauds in South Carolina and the U.S. Are:

• A hospice offering free goods or goods at below shop value to induce a nursing home to refer patients to the hospice.
• False representations in a hospice's Medicare/Medicaid enrollment form.
• A hospice paying "room and board" payments to the nursing home in amounts in excess of what the nursing home would have received directly from Medicaid had the patient not been enrolled in the hospice.
• False statements in a hospice's claim form (Cms Forms 1450, Ub-04 or Ub-92).
• A hospice falsely billing for services that were not uncostly or valuable for the palliation of the symptoms of a terminally ill patient.
• A hospice paying amounts to the nursing home for "additional" services that Medicaid determined included in its room and board payment to the hospice.
• A hospice paying above fair shop value for "additional" non-core services which Medicaid does not consider to be included in its room and board payments to the nursing home.
• A hospice referring patients to a nursing home to induce the nursing home to refer its patients to the hospice.
•A hospice providing free (or below fair shop value) care to nursing home patients, for whom the nursing home is receiving Medicare payment under the skilled nursing premise benefit, with the anticipation that after the patient exhausts the skilled nursing premise benefit, the patient will receive hospice services from that hospice.
• A hospice providing staff at its charge to the nursing home to accomplish duties that otherwise would be performed by the nursing home.
• Incomplete or no written Plan of Care was established or reviewed at definite intervals.
• Plan of Care did not consist of an assessment of needs.
• Fraudulent statements in a hospice's cost description to the government.
• observation of determination was not obtained or was fraudulently obtained.
• Rn supervisory visits were not made for home condition aide services.
• Certification or Re-certification of terminal illness was not obtained or was fraudulently obtained.
• No Plan of care was included for bereavement services.
• Fraudulent billing for upcoded levels of hospice care.
• Hospice did not escort a self-assessment of quality and care provided.
• Clinical records were not maintained for every patient.
• Interdisciplinary group did not recapitulate and update the plan of care for each patient.

Recent Hospice Fraud promulgation Cases

The Doj and U.S. Attorney's Offices have been active in enforcing hospice fraud cases.

In 2009, Kaiser Foundation Hospitals placed an Fca lawsuit by paying .8 million to the federal government. The defendant allegedly failed to obtain written certifications of terminal illness for a estimate of its patients.

In 2006, Odyssey Healthcare, a national hospice provider, paid .9 million to determine a qui tam suit for false claims under the Fca. The hospice fraud allegations were generally that Odyssey billed Medicare for providing hospice care to patients when they were not terminally ill and ineligible for Medicare hospice benefits. A Corporate Integrity deal was also a part of the settlement. The hospice fraud qui tam relator received .3 million for blowing the whistle on the defendant.

In 2005, Faith Hospice, Inc., placed claims an Fca claim for 0,000. The hospice fraud allegations were generally that Faith Hospice billed Medicare for providing hospice care to patients more than half of whom were not terminally ill.

In 2005, Home Hospice of North Texas placed an Fca claim for 0,000 with regard to allegations of fraudulently billing Medicare for ineligible hospice patients.

In 2000, Michigan osteopath Donald Dreyfuss, who pleaded guilty to criminal fraud charges, including violation of the Aks for receiving illegal kickbacks from a hospice for recommending the hospice to the staff of his nursing home, placed an Fca suit for million.

Conclusion

Hospice fraud is a growing question in South Carolina and throughout the United States. South Carolina hospice patients, hospice employees, and their Sc lawyers and attorneys, should be well-known with the basics of the hospice care industry, hospice eligibility under the Medicare and Medicaid programs, and typical hospice fraud schemes. Hospice organizations should take steps to ensure full yielding with Medicare/Medicaid hospice billing requirements to avoid hospice fraud allegations and Fca litigation.

© 2010 Joseph P. Griffith, Jr.

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Hospice Fraud - A reveal For Employees, Whistleblowers, Attorneys, Lawyers and Law Firms

Attorney - Hospice Fraud - A reveal For Employees, Whistleblowers, Attorneys, Lawyers and Law Firms

Good evening. Today, I discovered Attorney - Hospice Fraud - A reveal For Employees, Whistleblowers, Attorneys, Lawyers and Law Firms. Which is very helpful in my opinion therefore you. Hospice Fraud - A reveal For Employees, Whistleblowers, Attorneys, Lawyers and Law Firms

Hospice fraud in South Carolina and the United States is an increasing problem as the estimate of hospice patients has exploded over the past few years. From 2004 to 2008, the estimate of patients receiving hospice care in the United States grew practically 40% to nearly 1.5 million, and of the 2.5 million citizen who died in 2008, nearly one million were hospice patients. The splendid majority of citizen receiving hospice care receive federal benefits from the federal government straight through the Medicare or Medicaid programs. The condition care providers who furnish hospice services traditionally enroll in the Medicare and Medicaid programs in order to qualify to receive payments under these government programs for services rendered to Medicare and Medicaid eligible patients.

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Attorney

While most hospice condition care organizations furnish standard and ethical treatment for their hospice patients, because hospice eligibility under Medicare and Medicaid involves clinical judgments which may effect in the payments of large sums of money from the federal government, there are great opportunities for fraudulent practices and false billing claims by unscrupulous hospice care providers. As up-to-date federal hospice fraud obligation actions have demonstrated, the estimate of condition care companies and individuals who are willing to try to defraud the Medicare and Medicaid hospice benefits programs is on the rise.

A up-to-date example of hospice fraud appealing a South Carolina hospice is Southern Care, Inc., a hospice enterprise that in 2009 paid .7 million to decide an Fca case. The defendant operated hospices in 14 other states, too, together with Alabama, Georgia, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Louisiana, Michigan, Mississippi, Missouri, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Texas, Virginia and Wisconsin. The alleged frauds were that patients were not eligible for hospice, to wit, were not terminally ill, lack of documentation of terminal illnesses, and that the enterprise marketed to possible patients with the promise of free medications, supplies, and the provision of home condition aides. Southern Care also entered into a 5-year Corporate Integrity agreement with the Oig as part of the settlement. The qui tam relators received practically million.

Understanding the Consequences of Hospice Fraud and Whistleblower Actions

U.S. And South Carolina consumers, together with hospice patients and their house members, and condition care employees who are employed in the hospice industry, as well as their Sc lawyers and attorneys, should advise themselves with the basics of the hospice care industry, hospice eligibility under the Medicare and Medicaid programs, and hospice fraud schemes that have developed over the country. Consumers need to protect themselves from unethical hospice providers, and hospice employees need to guard against knowingly or unwittingly participating in condition care fraud against the federal government because they may field themselves to executive sanctions, together with lengthy exclusions from working in an assosication which receives federal funds, great civil monetary penalties and fines, and criminal sanctions, together with incarceration. When a hospice employee discovers fraudulent conduct appealing Medicare or Medicaid billings or claims, the employee should not share in such behavior, and it is imperative that the unlawful conduct be reported to law obligation and/or regulatory authorities. Not only does reporting such fraudulent Medicare or Medicaid practices shield the hospice employee from exposure to the foregoing administrative, civil and criminal sanctions, but hospice fraud whistleblowers may benefit financially under the repaymen provisions of the federal False Claims Act, 31 U.S.C. §§ 3729-3732, by bringing false claims suits, also known as qui tam or whistleblower suits, against their employers on profit of the United States.

Types of Hospice Care Services

Hospice care is a type of condition care assistance for patients who are terminally ill. Hospices also furnish keep services for the families of terminally ill patients. This care includes bodily care and counseling. Hospice care is ordinarily provided by a collective division or secret enterprise approved by Medicare and Medicaid. Hospice care is ready for all age groups, together with children, adults, and the elderly who are in the final stages of life. The purpose of hospice is to furnish care for the terminally ill patient and his or her house and not to cure the terminal illness.

If a patient qualifies for hospice care, the patient can receive curative and keep services, together with nursing care, curative collective services, physician services, counseling, homemaker services, and other types of services. The hospice patient will have a team of doctors, nurses, home condition aides, collective workers, counselors and trained volunteers to help the patient and his or her house members cope with the symptoms and consequences of the terminal illness. While many hospice patients and their families can receive hospice care in the comfort of their home, if the hospice patient's condition deteriorates, the patient can be transferred to a hospice facility, hospital, or nursing home to receive hospice care.

Hospice Care Statistics

The estimate of days that a patient receives hospice care is often referenced as the "length of stay" or "length of service." The length of assistance is dependent on a estimate of distinct factors, together with but not minute to, the type and stage of the disease, the quality of and access to condition care providers before the hospice referral, and the timing of the hospice referral. In 2008, the average length of stay for hospice patients was about 21 days, the average length of stay was about 69 days, practically 35% of hospice patients died or were discharged within 7 days of the hospice referral, and only about 12% of hospice patients survived longer than 180 days.

Most hospice care patients receive hospice care in secret homes (40%). Other locations where hospice services are provided are nursing homes (22%), residential facilities (6%), hospice patient facilities (21%), and acute care hospitals (10%). Hospice patients are commonly the elderly, and hospice age group percentages are 34 years or less (1%), 35 - 64 years (16%), 65 - 74 years (16%), 75 - 84 years (29%), and over 85 years (38%). As for the terminal illness resulting in a hospice referral, cancer is the pathology for practically 40% of hospice patients, followed by debility unspecified (15%), heart disease (12%), dementia (11%), lung disease (8%), stroke (4%) and kidney disease (3%). Medicare pays the great majority of hospice care expenses (84%), followed by secret assurance (8%), Medicaid (5%), charity care (1%) and self pay (1%).

As of 2008, there were practically 4,700 locations which were providing hospice care in the United States, which represented about a 50% increase over ten years. There were about 3,700 companies and organizations which were providing hospice services in the United States. About half of the hospice care providers in the United States are for-profit organizations, and about half are non-profit organizations.
General overview of the Medicare and Medicaid Programs

In 1965, Congress established the Medicare program to furnish condition assurance for the elderly and disabled. Payments from the Medicare program arise from the Medicare Trust fund, which is funded by government contributions and straight through payroll deductions from American workers. The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (Cms), previously known as the condition Care Financing management (Hcfa), is the federal division within the United States division of condition and Human Services (Hhs) that administers the Medicare program and works in partnership with state governments to administer Medicaid.

In 2007, Cms reorganized its ten geography-based field offices to a Consortia buildings based on the agency's key lines of business: Medicare condition plans, Medicare financial management, Medicare fee for assistance operations, Medicaid and children's health, witness & certification and quality improvement. The Cms consortia consist of the following:

• Consortium for Medicare condition Plans Operations
• Consortium for Financial management and Fee for assistance Operations
• Consortium for Medicaid and Children's condition Operations
• Consortium for quality revising and witness & Certification Operations

Each consortium is led by a Consortium Administrator (Ca) who serves as the Cms's national focal point in the field for their enterprise line. Each Ca is responsible for consistent implementation of Cms programs, course and advice over all ten regions for matters pertaining to their enterprise line. In increasing to accountability for a enterprise line, each Ca also serves as the Agency's senior management lawful for two or three Regional Offices (Ros), representing the Cms Administrator in external matters and overseeing executive operations.

Much of the daily management and operation of the Medicare program is managed straight through secret assurance companies that contract with the Government. These secret assurance companies, sometimes called "Medicare Carriers" or "Fiscal Intermediaries," are charged with and responsible for accepting Medicare claims, determining coverage, and manufacture payments from the Medicare Trust Fund. These carriers, together with Palmetto Government Benefits Administrators (hereinafter "Pgba"), a division of Blue Cross and Blue Shield of South Carolina, operate pursuant to 42 U.S.C. §§ 1395h and 1395u and rely on the good faith and careful representations of condition care providers when processing claims.

Over the past forty years, the Medicare program has enabled the elderly and disabled to gain considerable curative services from curative providers throughout the United States. considerable to the success of the Medicare program is the underlying notion that condition care providers accurately and truly submit claims and bills to the Medicare Trust Fund only for those curative treatments or services that are legitimate, reasonable and medically necessary, in full yielding with all laws, regulations, rules, and conditions of participation, and, further, that curative providers not take benefit of their elderly and disabled patients.

The Medicaid program is ready only to confident low-income individuals and families who must meet eligibility requirements set forth by federal and state law. Each state sets its own guidelines with regard to eligibility and services. Although administered by individual states, the Medicaid program is funded primarily by the federal government. Medicaid does not pay money to patients; rather, it sends payments directly to the patient's condition care providers. Like Medicare, the Medicaid program depends on condition care providers to accurately and truly submit claims and bills to program administrators only for those curative treatments or services that are legitimate, reasonable and medically necessary, in full yielding with all laws, regulations, rules, and conditions of participation, and, further, that curative providers not take benefit of their indigent patients.

Medicare & Medicaid Hospice Laws Which affect Sc Hospices

Hospice fraud occurs when hospice organizations, by and straight through their employees, agents and owners, knowingly violate the terms and conditions of the applicable Medicare and Medicaid hospice statutes, regulations, rules and conditions of participation. In order to be able to recognize hospice fraud, hospices, hospice patients, hospice employees and their attorneys and lawyers must know the Medicare laws and requirements relating to hospice care benefits.

Medicare's two main sources of authorization for hospice benefits are found in the collective protection Act and the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations. The statutory provisions are primarily found at 42 U.S.C. §§ 1395d, 1395e, 1395f(a)(7), 1395x(d)(d), and 1395y, and the regulatory provisions are found at 42 C.F.R. Part 418.

To be eligible for Medicare benefits for hospice care, the patient must be eligible for Medicare Part A and be terminally ill. 42 C.F.R. § 418.20. terminal illness is established when "the individual has a curative pathology that his or her life expectancy is 6 months or less if the illness runs its normal course." 42 C.F.R. § 418.3; 42 U.S.C. § 1395x(d)(d)(3). The patient's physician and the curative director of the hospice must certify in writing that the patient is "terminally ill." 42 U.S.C. § 1395f(a)(7); 42 C.F.R. § 418.20. After a patient's preliminary certification, Medicare provides for two ninety-day benefit periods followed by an unlimited estimate of sixty-day benefit periods. 42 U.S.C. § 1395d(a)(4). At the end of each ninety- or sixty-day period, the patient can be re-certified only if at that time he or she has less than six months to live if the illness runs its normal course. 42 U.S.C. § 1395f(a)(7)(A). The written certification and re-certifications must be maintained in the patient's curative records. 42 C.F.R. § 418.23. A written plan of care must be established for each patient setting forth the types of hospice care services the patient is scheduled to receive, 42 U.S.C. § 1395f(a)(7)(B), and the hospice care has to be provided in accordance with such plan of care. 42 U.S.C. § 1395f(a)(7)(C); 42 C.F.R. § 418.56. Clinical records for each hospice patient must be maintained by the hospice, together with plan of care, assessments, clinical notes, signed observation of election, patient responses to medication and therapy, physician certifications and re-certifications, outcome data, improve directives and physician orders. 42 C.F.R. § 418.104.

The hospice must gain a written observation of election from the patient to elect to receive Medicare hospice benefits. 42 C.F.R. § 418.24. Importantly, once a patient has elected to receive hospice care benefits, the patient waives Medicare benefits for curative treatment for the terminal disease upon which is the admitting diagnosis. 42 C.F.R. § 418.24(d).

The hospice must prescription an Interdisciplinary Group (Idg) or groups composed of individuals who work together to meet the physical, medical, psychosocial, emotional, and spiritual needs of the hospice patients and families facing terminal illness and bereavement. 42 C.F.R. § 418.56. The Idg members must furnish the care and services offered by the hospice, and the group, in its entirety, must supervise the care and services. A registered nurse that is a member of the Idg must be designated to furnish coordination of care and to ensure continuous estimation of each patient's and family's needs and implementation of the interdisciplinary plan of care. The interdisciplinary group must include, but is not minute to, the following suited and competent professionals: (i) A physician of treatment or osteopathy (who is an employee or under contract with the hospice); (ii) A registered nurse; (iii) A collective worker; and, (iv) A pastoral or other counselor. 42 C.F.R. § 418.56.

The Medicare hospice regulations, at 42 C.F.R. § 418.200, summarize the requirements for hospice coverage in pertinent part as follows:

To be covered, hospice services must meet the following requirements. They must be reasonable and considerable for the palliation and management of the terminal illness as well as linked conditions. The individual must elect hospice care in accordance with §418.24. A plan of care must be established and periodically reviewed by the attending physician, the curative director, and the interdisciplinary group of the hospice program as set forth in §418.56. That plan of care must be established before hospice care is provided. The services provided must be consistent with the plan of care. A certification that the individual is terminally ill must be completed as set forth in section §418.22.

The collective protection Act, at 42 U.S.C. § 1395y(a), limits Medicare hospice benefits, providing in pertinent part as follows: "Notwithstanding any other provision of this title, no cost may be made under part A or part B for any expenses incurred for items or services-... (C) in the case of hospice care, which are not reasonable and considerable for the palliation or management of terminal illness...." 42 C.F.R. § 418.50 (hospice care must be "reasonable and considerable for the palliation and management of terminal illness"). Palliative care is defined in the regulations as "patient and family-centered care that optimizes quality of life by anticipating, preventing, and treating suffering. Palliative care throughout the continuum of illness involves addressing physical, intellectual, emotional, social, and spiritual needs and to facilitate patient autonomy, access to information, and choice." 42 C.F.R. § 418.3.

Medicare pays hospice agencies a daily rate for each day a beneficiary is enrolled in the hospice benefit and receives hospice care. The daily payments are made regardless of the estimate of services furnished on a given day and are intended to cover costs that the hospice incurs in furnishing services identified in the patient's plan of care. There are four levels of payments which are made based on the estimate of care required to meet beneficiary and house needs. 42 C.F.R. § 418.302; Cms Hospice Fact Sheet, November 2009. These four levels, and the corresponding 2010 daily rates, are as follows: habit home care (2.91); continuous home care (4.10); patient respite care (7.83); and, normal patient care (5.74).

The aggregate annual cap per patient in 2009 was ,014.50. This cap is determined by adjusting the traditional hospice patient cap of ,500, set in 1984, by the consumer Price Index. See Cms Internet-Only by hand 100-04, chapter 11, section 80.2; 42 U.S.C. § 1395f(i); 42 C.F.R. § 418.309. The Medicare Claims Processing Manual, at chapter 11 - Processing Hospice Claims, in Section 80.2, entitled "Cap on ample Hospice Reimbursement," provides in pertinent part as follows: "Any payments in excess of the cap must be refunded by the hospice."

Hospice patients are responsible for Medicare co-insurance payments for drugs and respite care, and the hospice may charge the patient for these co-insurance payments. However, the co-insurance payments for drugs are minute to the lesser of or 5% of the cost of the drugs to the hospice, and the co-insurance payments for respite care are commonly 5% of the cost made by Medicare for such services. 42 C.F.R. § 418.400.

The Medicare and Medicaid programs wish institutional condition care providers, together with hospice organizations, to file an enrollment application in order to qualify to receive the programs' benefits. As part of these enrollment applications, the hospice providers certify that they will comply with Medicare and Medicaid laws, regulations, and program instructions, and additional certify that they understand that cost of a claim by Medicare and Medicaid is conditioned upon the claim and underlying transaction complying with such program laws and requirements. The Medicare Enrollment Application which hospice providers must execute, Form Cms-855A, states in part as follows: "I agree to abide by the Medicare laws, regulations and program instructions that apply to this provider. The Medicare laws, regulations, and program instructions are ready straight through the Medicare contractor. I understand that cost of a claim by Medicare is conditioned upon the claim and the underlying transaction complying with such laws, regulations, and program instructions (including, but not minute to, the Federal Aks and Stark laws), and on the provider's yielding with all applicable conditions of participation in Medicare."

Hospices are commonly required to bill Medicare on a monthly basis. See the Medicare Claims Processing Manual, at chapter 11 - Processing Hospice Claims, in Section 90 - Frequency of Billing. Hospices commonly file their hospice Medicare claims with their Fiscal Intermediary or Medicare Carrier pursuant to the Cms Claims by hand Form Cms 1450 (sometime also called a Form Ub-04 or Form Ub-92), either in paper or electronic form. These claim forms consist of representations and certifications which state in pertinent part that: (1) misrepresentations or falsifications of considerable data may serve as the basis for civil monetary penalties and criminal convictions; (2) submission of the claim constitutes certification that the billing data is true, literal, and complete; (3) the submitter did not knowingly or recklessly disregard or misrepresent or conceal material facts; (4) all required physician certifications and re-certifications are on file; (5) all required patient signatures are on file; and, (6) for Medicaid purposes, the submitter understands that because cost and pleasure of this claim will be from Federal and State funds, any false statements, documents, or concealment of a material fact are field to prosecution under applicable Federal or State Laws.

Hospices must also file with Cms an annual cost and data article of Medicare payments received. 42 U.S.C. § 1395f(i)(3); 42 U.S.C. § 1395x(d)(d)(4). The annual hospice cost and data reports, Form Cms 1984-99, consist of representations and certifications which state in pertinent part that: (1) misrepresentations or falsifications of data contained in the cost article may be punishable by criminal, civil and executive actions, together with fines and/or imprisonment; (2) if any services identified in the article were the goods of a direct or indirect kickback or were otherwise illegal, then criminal, civil and executive actions may result, together with fines and/or imprisonment; (3) the article is a true, literal, and perfect statement ready from the books and records of the victualer in accordance with applicable instructions, except as noted; and, (4) the signing officer is customary with the laws and regulations with regard to the provision of condition care services and that the services identified in this cost article were provided in yielding with such laws and regulations.

Hospice Anti-Fraud obligation Statutes

There are a estimate of federal criminal, civil and executive obligation provisions set forth in the Medicare statutes which are aimed at preventing fraudulent conduct, together with hospice fraud, and which help enunciate program integrity and compliance. Some of the more foremost obligation provisions of the Medicare statutes consist of the following: 42 U.S.C. § 1320a-7b (Criminal fraud and anti-kickback penalties); 42 U.S.C. § 1320a-7a and 42 U.S.C. § 1320a-8 (Civil monetary penalties for fraud); 42 U.S.C. § 1320a-7 (Administrative exclusions from participation in Medicare/Medicaid programs for fraud); 42 U.S.C. § 1320a-4 (Administrative subpoena power for the Comptroller General).

Other criminal obligation provisions which are used to combat Medicare and Medicaid fraud, together with hospice fraud, consist of the following: 18 U.S.C. § 1347 (General condition care fraud criminal statute); 21 U.S.C. §§ 353, 333 (Prescription Drug Marketing Act); 18 U.S.C. § 669 (Theft or Embezzlement in association with condition Care); 18 U.S.C. § 1035 (False statements relating to condition Care); 18 U.S.C. § 2 (Aiding and Abetting); 18 U.S.C. § 3 (Accessory after the Fact); 18 U.S.C. § 4 (Misprision of a Felony); 18 U.S.C. § 286 (Conspiracy to defraud the Government with respect to Claims); 18 U.S.C. § 287 (False, Fictitious or Fraudulent Claims); 18 U.S.C. § 371 (Criminal Conspiracy); 18 U.S.C. § 1001 (False Statements); 18 U.S.C. § 1341 (Mail Fraud); 18 U.S.C. § 1343 (Wire Fraud); 18 U.S.C. § 1956 (Money Laundering); 18 U.S.C. § 1957 (Money Laundering); and, 18 U.S.C. § 1964 (Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations ("Rico")).

The False Claims Act (Fca)

Hospice fraud whistleblowers may benefit financially under the repaymen provisions of the federal False Claims Act, 31 U.S.C. §§ 3729-3732, by bringing false claims suits, also known as qui tam or whistleblower suits, against their employers on profit of the United States. The plaintiff in a hospice fraud whistleblower suit is also known as a relator. The most base Fca provisions upon which hospice fraud qui tam or whistleblower relators rely are found in 31 U.S.C. § 3729: (A) knowingly presents, or causes to be presented, a false or fraudulent claim for cost or approval; (B) knowingly makes, uses, or causes to be made or used, a false article or statement material to a false or fraudulent claim; (C) conspires to commit a violation of subparagraph (A), (B), (D), (E), (F), or (G);..., and, (G) knowingly makes, uses, or causes to be made or used, a false article or statement material to an obligation to pay or send money or asset to the Government, or knowingly conceals or knowingly and improperly avoids or decreases an obligation to pay or send money or asset to the Government.... There is no requirement to prove specific intent to defraud. Rather, it is only considerable to prove actual knowledge of the false claims, false statements, or false records, or the defendant's deliberate indifference or reckless disregard of the truth or falsity of the information. 31 U.S.C. § 3729(b).

The Fca anti-retaliation provision protects the hospice whistleblower from retaliation from the hospice when the employee (or a contractor) "is discharged, demoted, suspended, threatened, harassed, or in any other manner discriminated against in the terms and conditions of employment" for taking performance to try to stop the fraudulent activity. 31 U.S.C. § 3730(h). A hospice employee's relief includes reinstatement, 2 times the estimate of back pay, interest on the back pay, and payment for any special damages sustained as a effect of the discrimination or retaliation, together with litigation costs and reasonable attorneys' fees.

A Sc hospice fraud Fca whistleblower would initially file a disclosure statement, complaint and supporting documents with the U.S. Attorney's Office in Columbia, South Carolina, and the Us Attorney General. After the disclosures are filed, a federal court complaint can be filed. The Sc division where the frauds occurred, the relator's residence, and the defendant residence, will decide which division the case will be assigned. There are eleven federal court divisions in South Carolina. Once the case has been filed, the government has 60 days to decide either or not to intervene. While this time, federal government investigators located in South Carolina will investigate the claims. If the case involved Medicaid, Sc Medicaid fraud unit investigators will likely come to be involved as well. If the government intervenes in the case, the U.S. Attorney for South Carolina is ordinarily the lead attorney. If the government does not intervene, the relator's Sc attorney will prosecute the case. In South Carolina, expect a qui tam case to take one to two years to get to trial.

Tips on Recognizing Hospice Fraud Schemes

The Hhs Office of Inspector normal (Oig) has issued special Fraud Alerts for fraudulent and abusive practices of hospices. U.S. And South Carolina hospices, patients, hospice employees and whistleblowers, their attorneys and lawyers, should be customary with these hospice fraud practices. Tips on recognizing hospice frauds in South Carolina and the U.S. Are:

• A hospice gift free goods or goods at below shop value to induce a nursing home to refer patients to the hospice.
• False representations in a hospice's Medicare/Medicaid enrollment form.
• A hospice paying "room and board" payments to the nursing home in amounts in excess of what the nursing home would have received directly from Medicaid had the patient not been enrolled in the hospice.
• False statements in a hospice's claim form (Cms Forms 1450, Ub-04 or Ub-92).
• A hospice falsely billing for services that were not reasonable or considerable for the palliation of the symptoms of a terminally ill patient.
• A hospice paying amounts to the nursing home for "additional" services that Medicaid determined included in its room and board cost to the hospice.
• A hospice paying above fair shop value for "additional" non-core services which Medicaid does not consider to be included in its room and board payments to the nursing home.
• A hospice referring patients to a nursing home to induce the nursing home to refer its patients to the hospice.
•A hospice providing free (or below fair shop value) care to nursing home patients, for whom the nursing home is receiving Medicare cost under the skilled nursing facility benefit, with the prospect that after the patient exhausts the skilled nursing facility benefit, the patient will receive hospice services from that hospice.
• A hospice providing staff at its expense to the nursing home to accomplish duties that otherwise would be performed by the nursing home.
• Incomplete or no written Plan of Care was established or reviewed at specific intervals.
• Plan of Care did not consist of an estimation of needs.
• Fraudulent statements in a hospice's cost article to the government.
• observation of election was not obtained or was fraudulently obtained.
• Rn supervisory visits were not made for home condition aide services.
• Certification or Re-certification of terminal illness was not obtained or was fraudulently obtained.
• No Plan of care was included for bereavement services.
• Fraudulent billing for upcoded levels of hospice care.
• Hospice did not conduct a self-assessment of quality and care provided.
• Clinical records were not maintained for every patient.
• Interdisciplinary group did not divulge and update the plan of care for each patient.

Recent Hospice Fraud obligation Cases

The Doj and U.S. Attorney's Offices have been active in enforcing hospice fraud cases.

In 2009, Kaiser Foundation Hospitals located an Fca lawsuit by paying .8 million to the federal government. The defendant allegedly failed to gain written certifications of terminal illness for a estimate of its patients.

In 2006, Odyssey Healthcare, a national hospice provider, paid .9 million to decide a qui tam suit for false claims under the Fca. The hospice fraud allegations were commonly that Odyssey billed Medicare for providing hospice care to patients when they were not terminally ill and ineligible for Medicare hospice benefits. A Corporate Integrity agreement was also a part of the settlement. The hospice fraud qui tam relator received .3 million for blowing the whistle on the defendant.

In 2005, Faith Hospice, Inc., located claims an Fca claim for 0,000. The hospice fraud allegations were commonly that Faith Hospice billed Medicare for providing hospice care to patients more than half of whom were not terminally ill.

In 2005, Home Hospice of North Texas located an Fca claim for 0,000 with regard to allegations of fraudulently billing Medicare for ineligible hospice patients.

In 2000, Michigan osteopath Donald Dreyfuss, who pleaded guilty to criminal fraud charges, together with violation of the Aks for receiving illegal kickbacks from a hospice for recommending the hospice to the staff of his nursing home, located an Fca suit for million.

Conclusion

Hospice fraud is a growing problem in South Carolina and throughout the United States. South Carolina hospice patients, hospice employees, and their Sc lawyers and attorneys, should be customary with the basics of the hospice care industry, hospice eligibility under the Medicare and Medicaid programs, and typical hospice fraud schemes. Hospice organizations should take steps to ensure full yielding with Medicare/Medicaid hospice billing requirements to avoid hospice fraud allegations and Fca litigation.

© 2010 Joseph P. Griffith, Jr.

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